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author Daniel O'Connor <darius@dons.net.au>
date Sat, 17 Nov 2012 12:15:17 +1030
parents c59513fd84fb
children
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1 <html>
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3 <head>
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4 <title>CMSIS Debug Support</title>
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5 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
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9 <!--
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10 /*-----------------------------------------------------------
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11 Keil Software CHM Style Sheet
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12 -----------------------------------------------------------*/
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38 code { color: #000000; background-color: #E0E0E0; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier;
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39 line-height: 120%; font-style: normal }
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40 /*-----------------------------------------------------------
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41 Notes
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42 -----------------------------------------------------------*/
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43 p.note { font-weight: bold; clear: both; margin-bottom: 3pt; padding-top: 6pt }
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44 /*-----------------------------------------------------------
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45 Expanding/Contracting Divisions
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46 -----------------------------------------------------------*/
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50 /*-----------------------------------------------------------
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51 Where List Tags
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52 -----------------------------------------------------------*/
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53 p.wh { font-weight: bold; clear: both; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 3pt }
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58 /*-----------------------------------------------------------
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59 Keil Table Tags
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60 -----------------------------------------------------------*/
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63 padding-right: 6pt; padding-top: 4pt; padding-bottom: 4pt }
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66 padding-left: 6pt; padding-right: 6pt; padding-top: 2pt;
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68 /*-----------------------------------------------------------
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69 -----------------------------------------------------------*/
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70 -->
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71
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72 </style>
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73 </head>
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74
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75 <body>
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76
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77 <h1>CMSIS Debug Support</h1>
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78
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79 <hr>
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80
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81 <h2>Cortex-M3 ITM Debug Access</h2>
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82 <p>
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83 The Cortex-M3 incorporates the Instrumented Trace Macrocell (ITM) that provides together with
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84 the Serial Viewer Output trace capabilities for the microcontroller system. The ITM has
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85 32 communication channels which are able to transmit 32 / 16 / 8 bit values; two ITM
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86 communication channels are used by CMSIS to output the following information:
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87 </p>
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88 <ul>
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89 <li>ITM Channel 0: used for printf-style output via the debug interface.</li>
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90 <li>ITM Channel 31: is reserved for RTOS kernel awareness debugging.</li>
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91 </ul>
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92
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93 <h2>Debug IN / OUT functions</h2>
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94 <p>CMSIS provides following debug functions:</p>
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95 <ul>
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96 <li>ITM_SendChar (uses ITM channel 0)</li>
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97 <li>ITM_ReceiveChar (uses global variable)</li>
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98 <li>ITM_CheckChar (uses global variable)</li>
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99 </ul>
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100
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101 <h3>ITM_SendChar</h3>
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102 <p>
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103 <strong>ITM_SendChar</strong> is used to transmit a character over ITM channel 0 from
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104 the microcontroller system to the debug system. <br>
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105 Only a 8 bit value is transmitted.
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106 </p>
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107 <pre>
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108 static __INLINE uint32_t ITM_SendChar (uint32_t ch)
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109 {
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110 /* check if debugger connected and ITM channel enabled for tracing */
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111 if ((CoreDebug->DEMCR & CoreDebug_DEMCR_TRCENA) &amp;&amp;
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112 (ITM-&gt;TCR & ITM_TCR_ITMENA) &amp;&amp;
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113 (ITM-&gt;TER & (1UL &lt;&lt; 0)) )
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114 {
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115 while (ITM-&gt;PORT[0].u32 == 0);
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116 ITM-&gt;PORT[0].u8 = (uint8_t)ch;
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117 }
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118 return (ch);
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119 }</pre>
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120
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121 <h3>ITM_ReceiveChar</h3>
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122 <p>
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123 ITM communication channel is only capable for OUT direction. For IN direction
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124 a globel variable is used. A simple mechansim detects if a character is received.
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125 The project to test need to be build with debug information.
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126 </p>
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127
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128 <p>
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129 The globale variable <strong>ITM_RxBuffer</strong> is used to transmit a 8 bit value from debug system
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130 to microcontroller system. <strong>ITM_RxBuffer</strong> is 32 bit wide to enshure a proper handshake.
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131 </p>
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132 <pre>
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133 extern volatile int ITM_RxBuffer; /* variable to receive characters */
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134 </pre>
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135 <p>
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136 A dedicated bit pattern is used to determin if <strong>ITM_RxBuffer</strong> is empty
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137 or contains a valid value.
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138 </p>
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139 <pre>
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140 #define ITM_RXBUFFER_EMPTY 0x5AA55AA5 /* value identifying ITM_RxBuffer is ready for next character */
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141 </pre>
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142 <p>
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143 <strong>ITM_ReceiveChar</strong> is used to receive a 8 bit value from the debug system. The function is nonblocking.
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144 It returns the received character or '-1' if no character was available.
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145 </p>
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146 <pre>
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147 static __INLINE int ITM_ReceiveChar (void) {
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148 int ch = -1; /* no character available */
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149
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150 if (ITM_RxBuffer != ITM_RXBUFFER_EMPTY) {
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151 ch = ITM_RxBuffer;
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152 ITM_RxBuffer = ITM_RXBUFFER_EMPTY; /* ready for next character */
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153 }
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154
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155 return (ch);
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156 }
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157 </pre>
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158
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159 <h3>ITM_CheckChar</h3>
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160 <p>
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161 <strong>ITM_CheckChar</strong> is used to check if a character is received.
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162 </p>
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163 <pre>
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164 static __INLINE int ITM_CheckChar (void) {
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165
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166 if (ITM_RxBuffer == ITM_RXBUFFER_EMPTY) {
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167 return (0); /* no character available */
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168 } else {
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169 return (1); /* character available */
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170 }
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171 }</pre>
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172
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173
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174 <h2>ITM Debug Support in uVision</h2>
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175 <p>
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176 uVision uses in a debug session the <strong>Debug (printf) Viewer</strong> window to
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177 display the debug data.
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178 </p>
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179 <p>Direction microcontroller system -&gt; uVision:</p>
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180 <ul>
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181 <li>
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182 Characters received via ITM communication channel 0 are written in a printf style
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183 to <strong>Debug (printf) Viewer</strong> window.
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184 </li>
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185 </ul>
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186
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187 <p>Direction uVision -&gt; microcontroller system:</p>
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188 <ul>
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189 <li>Check if <strong>ITM_RxBuffer</strong> variable is available (only performed once).</li>
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190 <li>Read character from <strong>Debug (printf) Viewer</strong> window.</li>
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191 <li>If <strong>ITM_RxBuffer</strong> empty write character to <strong>ITM_RxBuffer</strong>.</li>
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192 </ul>
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193
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194 <p class="Note">Note</p>
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195 <ul>
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196 <li><p>Current solution does not use a buffer machanism for trasmitting the characters.</p>
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197 </li>
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198 </ul>
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199
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200 <h2>RTX Kernel awareness in uVision</h2>
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201 <p>
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202 uVision / RTX are using a simple and efficient solution for RTX Kernel awareness.
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203 No format overhead is necessary.<br>
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204 uVsion debugger decodes the RTX events via the 32 / 16 / 8 bit ITM write access
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205 to ITM communication channel 31.
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206 </p>
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207
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208 <p>Following RTX events are traced:</p>
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209 <ul>
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210 <li>Task Create / Delete event
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211 <ol>
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212 <li>32 bit access. Task start address is transmitted</li>
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213 <li>16 bit access. Task ID and Create/Delete flag are transmitted<br>
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214 High byte holds Create/Delete flag, Low byte holds TASK ID.
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215 </li>
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216 </ol>
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217 </li>
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218 <li>Task switch event
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219 <ol>
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220 <li>8 bit access. Task ID of current task is transmitted</li>
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221 </ol>
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222 </li>
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223 </ul>
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224
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225 <p class="Note">Note</p>
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226 <ul>
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227 <li><p>Other RTOS information could be retrieved via memory read access in a polling mode manner.</p>
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228 </li>
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229 </ul>
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230
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231
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232 <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">&nbsp;</span></p>
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233
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234 <hr>
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235
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236 <p class="TinyT">Copyright © KEIL - An ARM Company.<br>
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237 All rights reserved.<br>
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238 Visit our web site at <a href="http://www.keil.com">www.keil.com</a>.
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239 </p>
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240
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241 </body>
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242
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243 </html>